WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ALTERNATING CURRENT AND DIRECT CURRENT

ALTERNATING CURRENT AND DIRECT CURRENT

Introduction

Electric current is the controlled movement of electrons or charge within an electric circuit. Electric current is divided into two types: AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current), depending on how the flow of electrons (or electric current) manifests itself. Learn more about AC and DC and how they differ from one another by reading this article.

WHAT IS ALTERNATING CURRENT

In contrast to direct current (DC), which only travels in one direction and cannot sporadically shift, alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction.

Advantages of alternating current

(i) The cost of producing AC is lower than that of producing DC.

(ii) Compared to DC transmission, transmission losses are less when AC is supplied at higher voltages.

(iii) Rectifiers make it simple to transform AC into DC.

Compared to D.C., AC generation is more affordable.

 A.C. machines are also easy to repair. In order to supply alternating current power, for instance, a transformer is required. This transformer is quite economical and requires little maintenance .Using a transformer allows one to produce a wide range of voltages.

Disadvantages of alternating current.

(1) It produces glittering, is extremely heat-sensitive, and poses a risk of fire or electric shock. An AC shock has an alluring quality.

(2) It needs insulation and is hazardous at high voltages.

(3) Electrofishing is not an appropriate use for it.

(4) Careless use of air conditioning can result in fatal mishaps.

(5) An alternating current source cannot be used to directly charge batteries or cells.

Importance of alternating current.

Alternating current is crucial because its voltage may be changed as needed, minimizing power loss during transmission.

Using the desired number of turns in the secondary coil relative to the primary coil, the value of alternating voltage in a transformer can be changed. Since current decreases as voltage increases and P = V i, the law of conservation of energy states that net energy is conserved. The energy lost in time t as a result of Joule’s heating is also known to be,

How does alternating current change direction

Generators serve as the source of AC voltage. Generators operate by rotating a coil around a magnet in a 360-degree motion. There are north and south poles on magnets. The electromotive force created in the coil changes direction as the coil rotates around the magnet.

According to its frequency, alternating current constantly changes direction.

If it hass a frequency of 50 Hertz (50 cycles per second) and is a sinewave it will reach its maximum in one direction 50 times in a second and its maximum in the other 50 times.50 starts in one direction and 50 starts in the opposite direction in a second.

When the source is connected to the load through a conductor that already has charged electrons, the source generates alternating EMF, or energy, joules per coulomb, and this energy is dispersed and begins to move the object. According to its frequency, alternating current constantly changes direction

What is a direct current

The term “direct current” (DC) refers to the one-way flow of electrons and is used to describe the type of power that is most frequently generated by devices like solar cells and batteries.

What are the advantages of direct current

Effective: When compared to a similar AC transmission line over long distances, a DC transmission line may move more power while incurring less electrical losses.

cheaper Cost: Greater efficiency translates into cheaper transmission costs, giving renewable energy a leg up on competing power sources.

Greater Reliability: HVDC transmission can improve system stability, give the operator total control over power flow, and make it easier to incorporate wind from various resource area.

What are the disadvantages of direct current

Due to the commutation issue, high (DC) voltage electric energy generation is not possible.

A crucial component of the electric power transmission system is the stepped-down procedure. However, since the transformer won’t operate on DC in this mode, we are unable to step-up the rate of DC Voltage in high voltage transmission.

Circuit breakers and switches for DC appliances have some drawbacks, such as the fact that they are too expensive.

To reduce the rate of DC voltage, a motor-generator system should be used, but its efficiency is lower than that of a standard transformer.

Compared to AC transmission methods, the setup for a DC transmission is more difficult and expensive.

How does direct current work

Direct current is a rather simple concept. DC power is absolutely unidirectional. This means that the electrons are pushed into the line from the power source, continue on through the wire until they reach your gadget, where they perform their function before moving on through the outlet to complete the circuit.

Conclusion

Direct current improve system stability and give total control over power flow.

Hope this topic “ALTERNATING CURRENT AND DIRECT CURRENT“

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