Fabrics Finishing are very important when it comes to fabrics production and styles here are some finishing listed below
Desizing
No doubt this is a pretreatment fabric process in which any starch or sizing in the yarns are removed with the use of special enzymes.
Distressing Fabrics Finishing
This interestingly refers to giving the fabric a worn faded or wrinkled look, as if from long, steady use
Enzyme wash
This is indeed a washing process that uses a cellulose-based solution to give a look of a stonewashed or acid washed fabric. This is easier on the fabric than stonewashing or acid washing. It makes the fabric very soft on the surface; this wash can also remove colour of the fabric.
Embossing
A decorating process of creating seemingly raised designs on the fabric surface – heat rollers are used with pressure to produce designs on the fabric surface
Embroidery
This is embellishing fabric surface with a needle and thread/yarn – either by hand or by machine
Emerising (sueding or sanding) Fabrics Finishing
These are processes in which fabric is moved over rollers with emery paper
Expanded foam
A colored compound printed on fabric expands during processing to give 3 d texture to fabric
Flame retardant Fabrics Finishing
This is a finish applied to fabric surface to reduce its tendency to burn and reduce flame spread.
Flocking
Fine natural or synthetic fiber is applied after a base fabric has been made. Can be all or over or in particular areas
Fragrance Finish
This results in giving special aroma to the fabric . This is not a durable finish and the fragrance can go off in a couple of washes
Fulling
Also known as felting . This finish is used on wool fabrics to shrink them so that it emerges smoother and more compact.
Garment Dyeing
Dyeing the fabric after it is made into a new colour by dipping it in a dye solution.
GreenShield
This is a registered eco-friendly stain guard which is also ecofriendly- uses fewer fluorocarbons than similar finishes and releases no VOC emissions.
Heat-seal label
This is a technique of heat stamping or printing the clothing label onto a garment so that there is no need to add an extra itchy label
Hydrophilic finish
This is a process of increasing wicking and quick evaporation of perspiration from the fabric
Lightfastness
This refers to the quality of a fabric with resistance to fading to the effects of sun or light.
Laminated fabric
This is a finish which adds a laminated layer to fabric that will make it waterproof. Laminated cotton is an example.
London shrunk
A relaxation finish used on wool fabrics.
Luster finish
A fabric treatment that will enhance the way light is reflected from the fabric surface.
Mercerization
This is a smoothening treatment used on fabric that can add luster by removing the fuzziness on the surface as well as make it more receptive to dye coloring. The fabric which is finished so becomes strong, lustrous, and dyes well as it is now more absorbent. Mercerized cotton is an oft-heard fabric -In fact mercerisation is a routine finish done on all-cotton to make it lustrous, durable, and dye absorbent.
Metallic coating finish
This is the application of a thin layer of metal to the fabric surface to minimize the heat transfer through the fabric or to add a metallic sheen to the fabric. Aluminum is the commonly used metal
Moire
A finish or process applied to fabrics in which the fabric gets a shimmering water rippled look, using engraved rollers, heat, pressure, steam and chemicals. This involves getting a mixed gloss and matt effect by crushing certain parts of the fabric. It is done on ribbed fabrics.
Napping
This is a process which fiber ends are brought to the surface of the fabric with the help of brushing so that it becomes soft.
Panne
This is a technique applied during manufacturing to velvet to make it look lustrous. The pile is pressed flat in one direction with a roller so that it gets a crushed look – this gives the surface a high luster.
Parchmentizing
This is a treatment in which acid (sulphuric acid) is used for cotton fabrics that produce a thinner fabric with a crisper hand. The fabric becomes almost transparent with a crisp feel. Think Lawn turns to organdy.
Peach finish
This is a finish which makes the fabric very soft by making it undergo abrasion or using a chemical.
Pigment finish
Color applied to leather in solid particles (pigments) that cover the surface.
Anti Pilling finish
Pilling is the formation of small balls of extra fibers on the surface of the fabric. Pilling resistant finish aims to minimize the formation of these balls
Plasticized finish
A very thin layer of polymer added to dyed fabric
Prewashed Fabrics Finishing
This refers to fabric being washed before it is made into products so that shrinkage can be reduced. The sizing is removed in the wash giving it a better drape and softness
Printing Fabrics Finishing
This process applies designs on the fabric surface with the help of different processes like screen printing, roller printing, block printing et in one colour or more than one colours. Check out the post on the different methods of textile printing
Photographic prints
This is a process in which photographs are transferred to fabric with the help of photo engraved rollers
Plisse finish
A process that creates a permanently crinkled surface by treating with chemicals (sodium hydroxide). Selective areas are crinkled in this way. It gives the look of pleats.
Puckered finish
Techniques that will make the surface of the fabric look pebbled, crimped, plisse or crackled.
Resin
This is the name of a type of synthetic finish applied to the fabric to add water repellency, resistance to crushing or luster.
Resist dyeing
This refers to dyeing in selective areas – the dyes are prevented from reaching other places in the same fabric with the help of application of resist objects like wax etc.
Rot proofing
Finish given to prevent attack of fungi and micro organisms.
Sandblasting Fabrics Finishing
A treatment in which the fabric is exposed to a blast of air carrying aluminum oxide which looks like sand. This is done to make the fabric acquire a faded look.
Sanforization
This is a patented stabilizing process which will preshrink fabrics before they are made into garments, to minimize future shrinkage. A Sanforizer is a fabric compactor developed by Cluett Peabody & co. Sanforized denim is stretched and shrunk denim.
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